PENGARUH JUMLAH DAN SEBARAN GROUND CONTROL POINT (GCP) TERHADAP AKURASI ORTHOREKTIFIKASI FOTO UDARA (STUDI DI KALURAHAN MARGOKATON, KAPANEWON SEYEGAN, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, DIY)

IGAN INDRAWAN RINDO, 20293595 (2024) PENGARUH JUMLAH DAN SEBARAN GROUND CONTROL POINT (GCP) TERHADAP AKURASI ORTHOREKTIFIKASI FOTO UDARA (STUDI DI KALURAHAN MARGOKATON, KAPANEWON SEYEGAN, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, DIY). Diploma thesis, Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan NAsional.

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Abstract

Aerial photography using drones has become an increasingly popular method for geospatial data collection due to its speed and efficiency. However, there are no specific regulations governing the optimal number and distribution of Ground Control Points (GCPs) for the orthorectification process of aerial photos. This study aims to determine the impact of the number and distribution of GCPs on the horizontal accuracy (CE90) of orthophotos and to identify the optimal framework based on the CE90 accuracy of orthophotos for each model's GCP configuration. The study employs a quantitative research approach with a correlational analysis. Data collection was conducted through direct field observations and measurements. Quantitative data analysis was performed using statistical tests, specifically the F-test for simultaneous significance and the T-test for partial significance. The field data collected included the coordinates of GCPs, Independent Check Points (ICPs), and aerial photographs. Field data acquisition involved setting up GCP premarks, measuring GCPs, planning flight paths, conducting aerial photography, and measuring ICPs. The processing of GCP and ICP measurements yielded highly accurate results, with all 17 GCPs and 12 ICPs achieving fixed solutions and horizontal precision in the millimeter range. The aerial photo processing for models 1 to 5 resulted in a Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) of 4.3 cm/pixel. Analysis using the nearest neighbor method with the R” formula indicated that all models had the same GCP distribution pattern, being uniformly spread. The CE90 accuracy for models 1 to 5 was found to be 0,088 m, 0,080 m, 0,076 m, 0,087 m, and 0,058 m, respectively. All five GCP models meet the horizontal accuracy requirements for base maps according to the 2024 PTSL guidelines. Statistical tests (F-test and T-test) show that neither the number nor the distribution of GCPs significantly affects the horizontal accuracy CE90, either simultaneously or partially. The optimal model is Model 2, with 11 GCPs, an RMSE of 5.035 mm, and a CE90 accuracy of 0.080 m. Keywords: GCP, aerial photo, orthorectification, horizontal accuracy (CE90)

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