PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN PERTANAHAN BAGI WARGA KETURUNAN TIONGHOA DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

JESSICA ARLENE DEVINA VASHTY, 21303640 (2025) PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN PERTANAHAN BAGI WARGA KETURUNAN TIONGHOA DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA. Diploma thesis, Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional.

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Abstract

This research discusses the implementation of land policy in the Special Region of Yogyakarta through the Instruction of the Regional Head of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Number K.898/I/A/1975 concerning the Standardization of Land Rights Granting Policy to Non-Indonesian Citizens of Chinese descent. This policy restricts property ownership rights in the form of Ownership Rights for Chinese descendants, leading to widespread impacts in the legal, social, economic, political, and land sectors. The purpose of this research is to understand the reasons behind the implementation of this policy, the implications it produces, and the aspirations of the actors involved. This research uses a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach supported by simple quantitative data. Data was obtained through interviews, the distribution of questionnaires, and document studies involving the Chinese descendant community and institutional parties such as the Legal Bureau of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the Office of Land and Spatial Planning of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the Regional Office of the National Land Agency of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the Land Offices of districts and cities, as well as the Land Deed Officials in the region. The research findings indicate that the policy is based on historical, political, legal, and socio-cultural factors, and is maintained through legal loopholes and legitimacy based on regional privileges. This policy has led to administrative discrimination, economic access disparities, restrictions on civil rights, and strengthened ethnic stigma. The majority of the Chinese descent citizens demand the repeal of the policy, while local officials continue to uphold it. This study recommends a policy renewal that is more inclusive, fair, and constitutional through concrete steps such as the repeal or revision of instructions, reform of administrative law, socialization of non-discrimination principles, the establishment of cross-ethnic dialogue forums, and strengthening the roles of the National Human Rights Commission and the Ombudsman. In addition, this research also encourages further studies that include detailed respondent profiles, explores the perspectives of indigenous Indonesian citizens, and examines the views of Chinese descent citizens outside of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in order to build a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of discriminatory policies and the prospects for policy reconciliation in a multicultural country like Indonesia. Keywords: land policy, Chinese descendants, discrimination, property rights, Special Region of Yogyakarta, regional privileges.

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